From the 1800s through World War II, large numbers of military bunkers were build in the hillsides at the entrance to San Francisco Bay.  These fortifications were strictly utilitarian:  to prevent hostile battleships from entering the bay.

​

My original interest in the bunkers was from an historical perspective.  My intent was to try to capture the military history of the bunkers in photographs.  That intent changed as I poked around the bunkers and batteries on the Marin Headlands and on the north shore of San Francisco.

​

One would assume that no aesthetics were considered in the design of these forms.  However, I found beauty and intriguing  compositions in the design of these aging forms.  I found texture and boldness juxtaposed to the landforms of the coastal hills.  The passing of time, the rain, the fog and the wind rendered the crumbling concrete and its rusting steel unintended visual treasures.

​

So then, this series is not about the military history of the bunkers.  It is about the effects of time, rain, fog and wind on aging steel and concrete.

​

​

​

​

​

​